Achievement Standards:
Y8: They listen for and identify different emphases in texts, using that understanding to elaborate on discussions.
Y9: They listen for ways texts position an audience.
Y10: They listen for ways features within texts can be manipulated to achieve particular effects
The first step in analysing any texts is to look at:
T: Text Type
A: Audience
P: Purpose

Last term we looked at what a text is. So… What is it?

Last week we started to look at what an audience and how to tell who the intended audience is through introducing the idea of purpose.

A writer normally has an aim when writing a text – they want to have an effect on their reader.
A text can have many purposes. Some examples are to:
- entertain – to amuse the reader or make them enjoy reading the text
- persuade – to influence the viewpoint of the reader – these texts may be biased
- advise – to help people decide what to do – these texts may give ideas and options
- analyse – to break down something to help people to understand it better
- argue – to make the case for something – these texts may be one-sided
- describe – to give precise details about a person, place, object or experience
- explain – to make clear ‘how’ and ‘why’ something works or happens in a certain way
- inform – to tell a reader about something they don’t know, or add to their knowledge
- instruct – to tell a reader how to do something, ordered step-by-step
Texts can have more than one purpose, eg a writer could entertain and inform, or they could inform and persuade the reader.
When we talk about the purpose of a text, we are talking about what the writer wants to achieve. Writers use language and structural features to deliberately appeal to their intended audience.
An author may have a purpose, but it may impact the audience in a different way to what is intended. What we are going to look at is HOW different texts impact YOU!
So….. We are going to listen to, watch and read different texts. Think about
- How does it make you feel?
- What was being emphasised (what stood out?)
- What made the above stand out?
Example:

- How does it make you feel?
- Me? Nothing. Possibly bored.
- What is being emphasised?
- Which light, actions and safety. (the red light, dont turn on the console, hold for 3 seconds, dont unplug it till done)
- What made these things stand out?
- Italics, underline, bold, red and capitals.
The task Instructions:
- Have some paper in front of you.
- Write the questions 1-3 down so you know what they are.
- How does it make you feel?
- What was being emphasised (what stood out?)
- What made the above stand out?
- Prepare yourself to focus and then answer the questions for each text we listen to or look at. You do not need to share the response as this is a personal reaction. We can talk about it and you share IF YOU WANT.


Now think of either the last:
- song you listened to,
- TV show you watched,
- Youtube (or similar) video you watched
- Meme you read
Answer the questions and add:
4. Why did you read/watch/listen to this song?